Industrial building can be categorized into four types:
- Single Storey Industrial Buildings
- High-Bay and Monitor Type Buildings
- Multi-Storey Industrial Buildings
- Special Type Buildings
Single Storey Industrial Building
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
| Greater flexibility in layout | Single storey industrial building does not fully utilize the land |
| Natural light and ventilation can be supplied through the roof | Bigger land required for bigger single storey industrial building |
| Easy to expand in future | Less compact layout |
| Light foundation | Gravity cannot be employed for material handling purposes |
| Required lesser time to erect single storey building | Valuable production floor space is occupied by offices and stores |
| Lower material handling costs | |
| Easier for supervision and control | |
| Less mechanical vibrations are involved | |
| Heavy machinery can be installed | |
| Easier to isolate obnoxious or hazardous areas | |
| No space loss due to elevators and staircase | |
| Lower building costs compare to multi-storey factory | |
| Permits high ceilings | |
| Need fewer columns | |
| Risk of serious fire damage is less | |
| Lesser operating cost | |
| Easier for maintenance of building and equipment |
Single Storey Industrial Buildings are used where:
i) Land cost is relatively cheap
ii) Heavy machinery is required for the processing
iii) Growth of the factory is expected
High Bay and Monitor Type Buildings
It is similar to single storey industrial building. The difference is the roof truss is surrounded by monitor. The building is designed to give maximum overhead space for a given floor area. The overhead space may be used to operate overhead crane or other overhead facilities. The monitor offers good natural ventilating and the side walls are built with glass, act as windows for natural lighting. Building for steel mills and foundries have often deployed the monitor or bay type. It enables the user to take advantage of the natural ventilation and lighting coming from high roofs and center openings for crane operation.
Multi-Storey Industrial Building
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
| It possesses distinct material handling advantage where goods can be moved by gravity | Material handling cost is expensive for bulky materials |
| Provide maximum operating floor space/built up | More time is taken to transit goods or persons to another floor |
| Smaller land required and fully utilize the land | Staircase and elevators reduce the effective area/usable area |
| Poor natural lighting | |
| The higher the number of stories will increase the cost of foundations and the space occupied by supporting columns | |
| Difficult to expand |
Multi-Storey Industrial Buildings are used where:
i) Land cost is relatively expensive
ii) In process industries such as electronics, chemicals, fertilizers and etc
Special Type Buildings
Special type buildings may be a combination of the above three types of industrial buildings. It may be designed to accommodate a particular process or activity.
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